WHAT WORK REQUIRES OF SCHOOLS

Department of R.N. Education

Graduate Level Competencies Indicated

RUBRIC FOR SCANS WORKPLACE COMPETENCY SKILLS©

Levels of Proficiency

RESOURCES	Skills	1	2	3	4	5
C1 Allocates time. Selects relevant, goal-related activities, ranks them in order of importance, allocates time to activities, and understand, prepares, and follows schedules	TIME C1	rarely completes monitored task(s) in allocated time.	routinely completes monitored task(s) in allocated time. *	routinely completes task(s) in allocated time.	routinely selects and priorities activities and completes task(s) on a planned schedule in allocated time.	routinely selects and priorities activities on a planned schedule and completes task(s) in allocated time with enhancements to the activities
C2 Allocates Money. Uses or prepares budgets, includes cost and revenue forecasts; keeps detailed records to track budget performance; and makes appropriate adjustments.	MONEY C2	Prepares monitored budget	rarely accomplishes goals within monitored budget	routinely meets goals within budget *	routinely prepares budgets, keeps records, and meets goals within budget	routinely prepares budgets, keeps records, makes forecasts, and makes adjustments to meet goals within budget
C3 Allocates Material & Facility Resources. Acquires, stores, and distributes materials, supplies, parts, equipment, space, or final products in order to make the best use of them.	MATERIALS AND FACILITIES C3	rarely uses instructor identified materials	routinely uses instructor identified materials *	routinely identifies, allocates and uses with minimal supervision appropriate materials to accomplish goal(s)	routinely identifies, allocates and uses materials to accomplish goal(s)	routinely identifies, allocates and uses with efficiency a wide variety of materials to accomplish goals(s)
C4 Allocates Human Resources. Assess knowledge and skills and distributes work accordingly, evaluates performance, and provides feedback.	HUMAN RESOURCES C4	rarely recognizes own skills and strengths aa a team member	Routinely recognizes skills and strengths as a team member	routinely recognizes and appropriately uses own skills and strengths as a team member	routinely recognizes, appropriately uses own skills and strengths as a team member while providing feedback and evaluates performance of self	routinely recognizes, appropriately uses own skills and strengths as a team member while providing feedback based on others skills and strengths as a team member while providing feedback based on others skills and strengths to evaluate performance of self and team.

By acquiring competence at allocating resources, students are learning to perform some of the basic functions of management-planning, organizing and controlling. Each resources skill, to varying degrees, involves these functions.

Levels of Proficiency

INFORMATION	Skills	1	2	3	4	5
C5 Acquires & Evaluates Information. Identifies need for data, obtain it from existing sources or creates it, & evaluates its relevance & accuracy.	ACQUIRES & EVALUATES INFORMATION C5	rarely obtains, with assistance, instructor identified data from existing sources	Routinely obtains, with assistance, instructor identified data from existing sources	routinely obtains instructor identified data from existing sources *	routinely analyzes need for data, obtains data from existing sources or creates it	routinely analyzes need for data, obtains data from existing sources or creates it, and evaluates its relevance and accuracy
C6 Organizes & Maintains Information. Organizes, processes, & maintains written or computerized records & other forms of information in a systematic fashion.	ORGANIZES & MAINTAINS INFORMATION C6	rarely understands, transforms information from computer, visual, oral, and physical sources in written and computerized formats, with all tasks being identified and monitored by the instructor. *	routinely understands, transforms information from computer, visual, oral, and computerized formats in a systematic fashion with two of the above tasks monitored by the instructor	routinely understands, transforms information from computer,visual, oral, and physical sources in written and computerized formats in a systematic fashion with two of the above tasks monitored by the instructor	routinely understands, transforms information from computer,visual, oral, and physical sources in written and computerized formats in a systematic fashion with only one of the above tasks monitored by the instructor	routinely understands, transforms and organizes information from computer,visual, oral, and physical sources in easily accessible formats (written and computerized) in a systematic fashion
C7 Interprets & Communicates Information. Selects & analyzes information & communicates the results to others using oral, written, graphic, pictorial, or multi-media methods.	INTERPRETS AND COMMUNI-CATES INFORMATION C7	rarely completes instructor monitored selection of information, selection of media, and conversion of the information to a desired format. *	routinely completes instructor monitored selection of information, selection of media, and conversion of the information to a desired format.	routinely selects information, identifies media (oral, written, graphic, pictorial, or multi-media) for communicating information and converts information to a desired format with one of the above task(s) monitored	routinely selects information, identifies appropriate media (oral, written, graphic, pictorial, or multi-media) for communicating information and converts information to a desired format	routinely selects and analyzes information, identifies appropriate media (oral, written, graphic, pictorial, or multi-media) for communicating information and creatively converts information to the desired format
C8 Uses computers to Process Information. Employs computers to acquire, organize, analyze, and communicate information.	USES COMPUTERS TO PROCESS INFORMATION C8		routinely uses computer to enter, modify, retrieve, store, and verify information in an appropriate format with the above task(s) monitored *	routinely uses computers to enter, modify, retrieve, store, and verify information, chooses an appropriate format with only one of the above task(s) monitored	routinely uses computers to enter, modify, retrieve, store, and verify information, and chooses an appropriate format	routinely uses computers to enter, modify, retrieve, store, and verify information, and chooses the best format for the accurate conversion of information.

In acquiring information, recognizing the structure of a document or database is fundamental; to retrieve information efficiently and accurately, students need to be able to find the underlying structure in lists, schedules, tables, indexes, and other documents, and then to use this structure in retrieval. Likewise, they need to develop the ability to organize information according to its logical structure as they display or communicate information--whether graphically, orally, or in writing, or through other presentation forms.

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SCANS P.2

RUBRIC FOR SCANS WORKPLACE COMPETENCY SKILLS ©

Levels of Proficiency

INTER- PERSONAL	Skills	1	2	3	4	5
C9 Participates as Member of a Team. Works Cooperatively with others and contributes to the group with ideas, suggestions & effort.	PARTICIPATES AS A MEMBER OF A TEAM C9	rarely works cooperatively with others	routinely works cooperatively with others and contributes to the group with ideas, suggestions, and effort with moderate supervision	routinely works cooperatively with others and contributes to the group with ideas, suggestions, and effort with minimal supervision *	routinely works cooperatively with others and contributes by sharing task(s), encourages others by appropriate listening and responding, recognizes and builds on individual strengths, resolves differences to benefit the group and takes personal responsibility for goal achievement with minimal supervision in one of the above task(s)	routinely works cooperatively with others and contributes by sharing task(s), encourages others by appropriate listening and responding, recognizes and builds on individual strengths, resolves differences to benefit the group, takes personal responsibility for goal achievement and challenges responsibly existing procedures, policies, or authorities
C10 Teaches others. Helps others learn	TEACHES OTHERS C10	rarely helps others learn	routinely helps others learn by coaching	Routinely helps others learn by coaching, conveys information in a relevant manner with monitored supervision	routinely helps others learn by coaching, conveys information in a relevant manner and assesses performance with restrictive feedback and recognizes training needs with monitored task(s) in one of the above areas *	routinely helps others learn by coaching, recognizes training needs, conveys information in a relevant manner and assesses performance with constructive feedback
C11 Serves Clients/ Customers. Competent performance requires a worker to: listen actively to identify needs and avoid misunderstandings; communicate in a positive manner, especially when handling complaints or conflicts; & be familiar with relevant resources for satisfying customer needs.	SERVES CLIENTS/ CUSTOMERS C11	rarely works and communicates with clients and customers	routinely works and communicates with clients and customers with monitored supervision	routinely works and communicates with clients and customers through active listening, positive communication, and familiarity with relevant resources with monitored supervision	Routinely works and communicates with clients and customers through active listening, positive communication, and familiarity with relevant resources with monitored supervision in one of the above task(s) *	routinely works and communicates with clients and customers to satisfy their expectations through active listening, positive communication, and familiarity with relevant resources
C12 Exercises Leadership. Communicates thoughts, feelings, and ideas to justify a position, & encourages, persuades, convinces, or otherwise motivates an individual or group, including responsibly challenging existing procedures, policies or authority	EXERCISES LEADERSHIP C12	rarely communicates to utilize rules/values of others, to justify a position, to establish credibility, to take minority viewpoints into consideration	routinely communicates to make use of the rules/values followed by others, to justify a position, establish credibility, to take minority viewpoints into consideration with monitored supervision	routinely communicates to make positive use of the rules/values followed by others, to justify a position logically and appropriately, establish credibility through competence and integrity, to take minority viewpoints into consideration with monitored supervision in two of the above task(s) *	routinely communicates to make positive use of the rules/values followed by others, to justify a position logically and appropriately, establish credibility through competence and integrity, to take minority viewpoints into consideration with monitored supervision in one of the above task(s)	routinely communicates to make positive use of the rules/values followed by others, to justify a position logically and appropriately, establish credibility through competence and integrity, to take minority viewpoints into consideration
C13 Negotiates. Works toward an agreement that may involve exchanging specific resources or resolving divergent interest	NEGOTIATES C13	rarely works toward an agreement that could involve exchanging specific resources or resolving divergent interests with monitored supervision	routinely works toward an agreement that could involve exchanging specific resources or resolving divergent interests with monitored supervision *	Routinely works toward an agreement that could involve exchanging specific resources or resolving divergent interests through research and history of the conflict, set goals, present objective arguments, listen, hear, and reflect on what has been said, clarify problems and resolve conflicts, adjust quickly to new facts/ideas, propose and examine possible options, and make reasonable compromises with monitored supervision in four of the above task(s)	routinely works toward an agreement that could involve exchanging specific resources or resolving divergent interests through research and history of the conflict, set goals, present objective arguments, listen, hear, and reflect on what has been said, clarify problems and resolve conflicts, adjust quickly to new facts/ideas, propose and examine possible options, and make reasonable compromises with monitored supervision in two of the above task(s)	routinely works toward an agreement that could involve exchanging specific resources or resolving divergent interests through research and history of the conflict, set goals, present objective arguments, listen, hear, and reflect on what has been said, clarify problems and resolve conflicts, adjust quickly to new facts/ideas, propose and examine possible options and make reasonable compromises
C14 Works with cultural diversity. Works well with men and women and with a variety of ethnic, social, or education backgrounds.	WORKS WITH CULTURAL DIVERSITY C14	rarely works with men and women and with a variety of ethnic, social, or education backgrounds	routinely works with men and women and with a variety of ethnic, social, or education backgrounds with monitored supervision	routinely works with men and women and with a variety of ethnic, social, or education backgrounds through understanding cultures, respecting the rights of others while helping them make needed adjustments in their behavior, making judgments and decisions on the basis of performance, understanding the concerns of members of other ethnic and gender groups with monitored supervision in four of the above task(s)	Routinely works well with men and women and with a variety of ethnic, social, or education backgrounds through understanding cultures, respecting the rights of others while helping them make needed adjustments in their behavior, making judgments and decisions on the basis of performance, understanding the concerns of members of other ethnic and gender groups with monitored supervision in two of the above task(s) *	routinely works well with men and women and with a variety of ethnic, social, or education backgrounds through understanding cultures, respecting the rights of others while helping them make needed adjustments in their behavior, making judgments and decisions on the basis of performance, understanding the concerns of members of other ethnic and gender groups

Underlying the various skills listed above, one finds a number of common themes: 1) awareness of the interpersonal dimensions; 2) perspective taking; 3) flexibility; 4) problem solving and 5) communication.

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SCANS P. 3

RUBRIC FOR SCANS WORKPLACE COMPETENCY SKILLS ^©

Levels of Proficiency

SYSTEMS	Skills	1	2	3	4	5
C15 Understand Systems. Knows how social, organizational, and technological systems work and operates effectively within them.	UNDERSTAND SYSTEMS C15	rarely understands how social, organizational, and technological systems work	routinely understands how social, organizational, and technological systems work with monitored supervision	routinely understands how social, organizational, and technological systems work and demonstrates how to operate within them with monitored supervision *	routinely understands how social, organizational, and technological systems work and demonstrates how to operate within them with minimal supervision	routinely understands how social, organizational, and technological systems work and demonstrates how to operate effectively within them
C16 Monitors and Corrects Performance. Distinguishes trends, predicts impact of actions on system operations, diagnoses deviations in the function of a system/organization & takes necessary action to correct performance.	MONITORS AND CORRECTS PERFORMANCE C16	rarely distinguishes trends, predicts impact of system operations, diagnoses deviations in systems performance and corrects malfunctions	routinely distinguishes trends, predicts impact of system operations, diagnoses deviations in systems performance and corrects malfunctions with monitored supervision	routinely distinguishes trends, predicts impact of system operations, diagnoses deviations in systems performance and corrects malfunctions with monitored supervision in two of the above task(s) *	routinely distinguishes trends, predicts impact on system operations, diagnoses deviations in systems performance and corrects malfunctions with monitored supervision in one of the above task(s)	routinely distinguishes trends, predicts impact on system operations, diagnoses deviations in systems performance and corrects malfunction
C17 Improves & Designs Systems. Makes suggestions to modify existing systems to improve products or services, and develops new or alternative systems	IMPROVES AND DESIGNS SYSTEMS C17	rarely makes suggestions to modify existing systems	routinely makes suggestions to modify existing systems with monitored supervision	routinely makes suggestions to modify existing systems to improve products or services, and develops new or alternative systems to improve performance with monitored supervision in the above task(s) *	routinely makes suggestions to modify existing systems to improve products or services, and develops new or alternative systems to improve performance with monitored supervision in one of the above task(s)	routinely makes suggestions to modify existing systems to improve products or services, and develops new or alternative systems to improve performance

Improving or designing systems involves making suggestions, recommending alternative systems designs, and sometimes, responsibly challenging the status quo. In many situations, good oral and written communication skills, part of the SCANS foundation, are necessary for effectively presenting systems improvements.

Finally, improving or designing systems requires synthesis, an insightful combination of previously acquired forms of knowledge. People who can improve or design systems are likely to have in-depth understanding of several similar systems. In addition, they generally have experienced many and varied situations that required monitoring and correcting of a systems performance.

Levels of Proficiency

TECHNOLOGY	Skills	1	2	3	4	5
C18 Selects Technology. Judges which set of procedures, tools, or machines, including computers and their programs, will produce the desired results.	SELECTS TECHNOLOGY C18	rarely chooses appropriate set of procedures, tools, or machines, including computers and their programs	routinely chooses which set of procedures, tools, or machines, including computers and their programs, with monitored supervision	routinely judges which set of procedures, tools, or machines, including computers and their programs will produce the desired results with monitored supervision *	routinely judges which set of procedures, tools, or machines, including computers and their programs, will produce the desired results with monitored supervision in one of the above task(s)	routinely judges which set of procedures, tools, or machines, including computers and their programs, will produce the desired results
C19 Applies Technology to Task. Understands the overall intent & the proper procedures for setting up and operating machines, including computers and their programming systems	APPLIES TECHNOLOGY TO TASK C19	rarely understands the intent and the procedures for setting up and operating machines, including computers and their programming systems	routinely understands the intent and the procedures for setting up and operating machines, including computers and their programming systems with monitored supervision	routinely understands the overall intent and the proper procedures for setting up and operating machines, including computers and their programming systems with minimal supervision *	routinely understands the overall intent and the proper procedures for setting up and operating machines, including computers and their programming systems with minimal supervision in one of the above task(s)	routinely understands the overall intent and the proper procedures for setting up and operating machines, including computers and their programming systems and accurately interprets machine output with accuracy
C20 Maintains and Troubleshoots Technology. Prevents, identifies or solves problems in machines, computer and other technologies.	MAINTAINS AND TROUBLESHOOTS TECHNOLOGY C20	rarely prevents, identifies, or solves problems in machines, computers and other technology	routinely prevents, identifies, or solves problems in machines, computers and other technology with monitored supervision	routinely prevents, identifies, or solves problems in machines, computers, and other technology with monitored supervision in two of the above task(s) *	routinely prevents, identifies or solves problems in machines, computers, and other technology with monitored supervision in one of the above task(s)	routinely prevents, identifies, or solves problems in machines, computers and other technology and when to get additional help

In the past, technical skills were taught to young people who enrolled in vocational education courses because they were found to be necessary for a four-year education. In today's rapidly changing workplace, technology education is essential for all students, regardless of where they are bound after high school, and is the responsibility of all educators.

RUBERIC IS COPYRIGHTED 1994, JO HOFFMAN

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What Work Requires of Schools